Welcome to:
Chris Brand – Psychorealist

For ‘Hall of Fame for Psychology’,
scroll down to the middle of this document.

There are 4 main offshoots from the homepage of the controversial Edinburgh psychologist who has fought for liberalism and realism:
1. 
BRAND's BATTLES against political correctness -- as seen by others, incl. the media
2.  ISSUES of scientific importance to differential psychology (this page, see below)
3. 
HISTORY OF C.B. versus P.C., by Chris Brand
           -- see especially
Wiley & Edinburgh University versus Brand.

4.  QUIZ TIME – find what twenty Gorgeous Girls have in common!

LATEST NEWS FROM CHRIS BRAND


2.        The ISSUES -- and the other academics.
[For topics without links, please contact Chris Brand at crispian@chris-brand.co.uk.]

NEW! – FOR 'HALL OF FAME FOR PSYCHOLOGY',
GO TO THE BOTTOM HALF OF THIS WEBPAGE

You really just need to know about IQ without all the horrid controversy?
'IQ-testing for the faint-hearted'
will show you what you need!

You just want an update on what happened to IQ arguments after The Bell Curve?
A fair 1998 article in Commentary covers much ground including 'rising IQ' and 'the Mozart effect'.

What about Brand's own claim that intelligence derives from mental (even perceptual) speed of intake?
For a non-technical summary of work linking IQ and Inspection Time (IT), see http://www.prometheussociety.org/issue83/gof83.html.
For Brand's own summary of IQ and IT, see Chapter 2 of THE g FACTOR.
For the FREE on-line 2001 edition of THE g FACTOR, go to http://www.douance.org/qi/brandtgf.htm.
For competing views about the importance of mental speed, see The Bases of Intelligence.
For the work of the Erlangen School, in Germany, relating IQ to processsing speed, go to http://www.slac.stanford.edu/~terryh/01Books/01Human-Paradigm/27Intelligence-IQ/020IQ-Brain-Energy.html.
 

Nature, Nurture, or Nature via Nurture? (For more quotes, contact crispian@chris-brand.co.uk.) -- Brand's introduction to genetic and environmental factors that shape lifestyles. How important are parental deprivation, sibling rivalry, life-stresses and 'social class'? Isn't learning what matters? Doesn't modern behaviourism help understand human differences? Top US behaviourist Arthur W. Staats didn't write a 400-page book, Behavior and Personality (1996, New York, Springer), for nothing?

"Get Real About Race!" -- an article by Brand in the UK hip hop music magazine downlow, including the proposal of high-commitment but self-chosen marital contracts. See also Ten Arguments for Race Realism -- Brand's 1997 address to Cambridge University students. (For a translation into Portuguese, go to http://contracorrente.cplp.net/.) For the academic background, see Richard Lynn's 'Race Differences in Intelligence: a Global Perspective.'
    For other arguments for legalizing polygyny, as in classical Black and Muslim culture, see http://www.submission.org/women-comp.html. In view of "the disastrous demographic situation in Russia", in which the  number  of  women exceeds the number of men by nine million and infertility is a growing problem, a Liberal Democratic party leader has proposed the legalisation of polygamy (with the proviso  that no man or woman should have more than five  spouses at the same  time) (Daily Telegraph 26 x '00, Alexander Chancellor).
    Harvard's Black sociologist, Orlando Patterson, still wants to trace what he calls Blacks' "desperate" problems to an origin in their enslavement. But his book Rituals of Blood is unconvincing and anyhow suggests no remedy other than forcing White women to take Black husbands. (
The idea of forced residential integration for Blacks and Whites was first put forward by the 'liberal'-left social psychologist Marie Jahoda -- 1960, 'Race relations and mental health', in Race and Science: Scientific Analysis from UNESCO. As a neo-Freudian, Jahoda had brought herself to belief that all racial prejudice was just a 'projection' – e.g. of the White id on to Black people, followed by criticism of Blacks for being 'over-sexed.' In reply, A. James Gregor pointed out that Whites had many reality-based reasons for keeping their wives and children out of contact with Blacks – 1961, Mankind Quarterly 1.)
    New Zealand political scientist
James Flynn thinks Blacks may one day enjoy an IQ boost from the discovery of some environmental 'Factor X' that has been holding them back – but in 2001, after twenty years of work, he still couldn't find what it was.
     Lefties at the University of Harvard don't care tuppence about getting Flynn's IQ boost – they just want potsamoney right now in 'affirmative action' (i.e. affirmative neo-racism) and 'reparations' for Blacks' good luck in being transported out of Africa to the USA.
      Orientals often accuse each other of massive genocidal political violence (as under Emperor Hirohito, Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Tse Tung); and the religious hostilities of the Indian sub-continent (flashpoint Kashmir) often look likely to furnish the beginning of World War III.
  

Get Real About Politics! -- The fearsome rise of 'politically correct authoritarianism' is nothing new. Though economic socialism failed, the Left has been working for a generation (especially in the realms of the media, publishing and education) to forge a new package of egalitarian and communitarian values. Brand explores the psychology of politics and suggests the Right in the West will languish until it develops its own 'dynamic compromise' between libertarianism and moralism. (This will probably involve allowing different types of marriage -- see "Get Real About Race!" -- and personally chosen [though state-assisted] forms of insurance for families' futures. To select some kind of insurance would be obligatory; but there would be tax incentives for the undertaking of familial responsibilities for others.) 

Get Real About Prejudice! 'The West is so rife with prejudice that countless defence mechanisms have to be used by victims.' So say social psychologists. But is their anxiety overdone? Are they themselves self-serving, self-righteous and prejudiced? Devoid of homo-, gyno-, raco- and fato-phobic prejudice though today's social psychologists may be, they have arguably forgotten the words of that keen progressive of his day, William Hazlitt (1817): "There is no prejudice so strong as that which arises from a fancied exemption from all prejudice."
 

Liberating the Future! This 15,000-word essay, written to prepare for the third millennium, is concerned with the main problems in the West's recent past -- its 1930-1945 plunge into barbarism and its subsequent statism. It considers the central failing of the Hitler years to have been untruthfulness (evident in evasiveness about Nazi plans for Germany, conspicuous in lies to Britain and France and culminating in Hitler's bizarre belief that the people of Germany had themselves had betrayed him) and uses the understanding to point the West towards a realistically liberal future. It suggests that, whereas the first millennium was one of religions and the second one of national governments, the third millennium could belong to individuals.

Get Real About Genius! -- Brand's high-voltage compilation of how it's done.
SEX LIVES OF MOZART, GOYA, BYRON, DICKENS, VERDI, HEMINGWAY, PICASSO, NUREYEV AND MARTIN LUTHER KING A SPECIALITY! For more quotes, contact crispian@chris-brand.co.uk.

Get Real About Love! – Brand's substantial 2001 review of The Art of Loving. In 1956, the neo-Freudian 'Trotskyite', Erich Fromm, published his bestseller which argued that love could be understood and practised without much help from biology. Brand takes Fromm to task for spurning the insights of Freud and Darwin – not least Freud's insistence on the importance of race. Increasingly today, the biological bases of love are being understood – but this would never have appealed to left-wing Fromm who led millions to believe that love was an act of will.

Paedophilia Corner -- rattling some more cages! (In 1996, Brand urged clemency for a 73-year-old Nobel Prize Winner charged with 'paedophilia' in Maryland. The courts did indeed show clemency to the Nobelist; but Edinburgh University used Brand's e-mailed message -- given to the Scottish tabloids by another E. U. member -- as the pretext for sacking him.)
    
For philosopher Glen Newey's 1997 bombshell in the Independent [London] on Edinburgh University's sacking of Chris Brand for his one page of e-mail on 'paedophilia', see: http://www.paranoia.com/~theslurp/news/news0007.html.
    For Brand's own response (June, 1998) to commonly heard sentiments about paedophilia, see his contribution intended for BBC's 'Talking Point' discussion.
    
For the latest academic research on paedophilia, see: Wiley & Edinburgh University versus Brand.

PERSONALITY, BIOLOGY & SOCIETY  --  a STUDENT GUIDE and RESOURCE MANUAL covering the thirty main topics and arguments in differential psychology (the study of personality and individual differences). Quotations from academic, literary and journalistic sources illustrate points of view about:
mind & body, consciousness, hemispherology, nature & nurture, dimensions of personality, identity and the self, intelligence, psychometrics, personality testing, psychopathology, multiple personality, crime, creativity, psychoanalysis, psycho-social engineering, vocational guidance, group differences (age, sex, class and race) and political psychology. Special coverage is given to sex and aggression; to the everyday psychological concepts of heart, mind, soul, spirit, will and conscience; and to the merits of individualizing therapy and education. For all topics,
contact crispian@chris-brand.co.uk.
An Ohio reader comments: "P,B&S is fascinating, helpful, humane and balanced -- a real exercise in dialogue across the fractured subject of modern psychology." A Chicago reader (a leading US commentator) calls the collection "stupendous" and says: "Anyone looking for quotes to spice up an article, or just to get an overview of the different sides of major arguments can make good use of this."
For an introduction to the Quotes and to the subject of differential psychology, go to P, B & S Introduction. To request that the latest versions of particular documents be posted, see instructions re http://www.god.co.uk at the end of the present document. For a summary of modern personality dimensions and scales for use in personality research, go to Comprehensive Six.

Obituary for Hans Eysenck D.Sc.; author of Sense and Nonsense in Psychology, Crime and Personality, Race, Intelligence and Education, Psychology is about People, The Inequality of Man, Intelligence: The Battle for the Mind [with Leon Kamin] and Genius; 1916-1997.
 

What about Sir Cyril Burt? What was discovered in a most searching, scholarly, Cambridge-led enquiry into Leon Kamin's allegations against Sir Cyril Burt? If Burt had no data, how did his estimate of the IQ correlation between separated identical twins (rMZA = .78) agree so well with findings by later psychologists?

What about Howard Gardner and Robert Sternberg? For comments on the recent work of these and other modern academic psychologists concerned with intelligence, learning and education, see this review of the London CIBA Symposium on giftedness. (Mike Anderson, Douglas Detterman and Robert Plomin all feature. Oh -- and Mystery Michael Who ooops Howe!) For Robert Sternberg's attempted 'constructionist' revival of 1968-style 'labeling' ideas, see Competence Reconsidered. For Gardner's continuing failure to deliver evidence of his independent 'multiple intelligences' and educational schemes to match, see McDougall NewsLetters passim, e.g. 13 x '98, 27 iv '99. For the failure of Sternberg, Gardner and Stephen Ceci to produce a social-environmentalistic theory of intelligence differences that even begins to account for data, see 'IQ heritability -- the emptiness of modern environmentalism.'

What about Leon Kamin? For a reply to Kamin's attack on Richard Herrnstein & Charles Murray's The Bell Curve, see this letter sent to Scientific American.
 

What about Arthur Jensen's The G Factor?  For reviews of Art Jensen's 'New Testament' sequel to his 'Old Testament' Bias in Mental Testing, see the McDougall NewsLetter for 2 June 1998 and subsequently.

Alfred Adler's 'individual psychology' -- Adler is normally considered a bit of a wimp; and he was certainly unhappy with IQ. Yet he identified key personality processes and distinctions, notably in birth order and dreams. His views would arguably have been easier to vindicate if IQ had been taken into account.

Phil Rushton's r - K factor  -- Rushton hypothesizes a major broad dimension of human personality differences. This involves the relative size and productivity of the organs of generation and cogitation respectively. There is, supposedly, a trade-off between sexual and intellectual specialization. "Succinctly summarized," writes Rushton, "more brains, fewer eggs, more K." Yet is there one such broad dimension -- even involving, as Rushton believes, the g factor? Or is it better to talk of some 5 or 6 distinct main personality dimensions? And better for the West to go for contract choice rather than for high K? {This review of r-K theory has its amusing side. It was written by Chris Brand while Phil Rushton was weathering storms of condemnation for 'racism.' Little did Brand realize that his own attempt to explain today's scientific understanding of the g factor would soon have him censored and sacked!}

What about race? How can the different rates of economic progress between the world's different countries in the past half-century be understood? Is the principal contrast simply that of capitalist laissez-faire versus corporatist socialism? Might racial differences in IQ-type intelligence provide explanations of persistent differences in well-being that seem to baffle today's economists, sociologists, political scientists and social anthropologists?

What about age? Like race, age has been envisaged by constructivists to be nothing but a social invention. Like racism, ageism is fashionably deplored. Topics under 'The psychology of ageing' include: Age differences asserted; Age differences denied; 'lifespan development'; the role of g in ageing; ageism; and Handy Tips…. Contact crispian@chris-brand.co.uk.

What about education? (For more, contact crispian@chris-brand.co.uk.) For the reaction of modern educationalists to the latest advances in differential psychology, see 'Beware Educationalists!' in the McDougall NewsLetter for 19 May 1998. In fact, even the left-leaning website for educational sociology, http://sociology.wadsworth.com/andersen_diverse/resources/SG/ch15.html, admits: "Most researchers and educators who have studied tracking agree that not all students should be mixed together in the same classes." Discussion of the pros and cons of 'tracking' (streaming, grade retention etc.) can be found at http://www.ed.gov/pubs/Research5/UnitedStates/perception2.html and in Chapter 4 of THE g FACTOR. For the FREE on-line 2001 edition of THE g FACTOR, go to http://www.douance.org/qi/brandtgf.htm.
    For the failure of both left and right to consider IQ when formulating proposals to restructure or compensate for modern state schooling, see http://www.crispian.demon.co.uk/Ravitch010113.htm.
    For the need to educate boys and girls differently, see review of Michael Gurian's 2001 bestseller Boys and Girls Learn Differently! at Amazon Books.

What about eugenics? (For more, contact crispian@chris-brand.co.uk.) Aren't eugenic ideas discredited? Mustn't talk of 'heritable IQ' lead inevitably to the horrors of state control of procreation? -- Like today's 'New Labour' welfare reformers in Britain, Brand thinks personal insurance schemes will make for greater responsibility and well-being; but he also thinks girls should be encouraged to early marriage and childbirth so long as fathers are mature and above-average in IQ.  [For a pretty full and up-to-date reference list about eugenics past and present, giving both sides of the argument, visit National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature (Georgetown University). For articles and websites dealing with eugenics, evolution, demography and racism, go to Plausible Futures Newsletter.]

What about feminism?  Brand's explanation of how it was not 'antiracists', third-world students or victims of paedophilia who had him sacked. Rather, Brand's enemies were mainly academic (and not-so-academic) feminazies. (Go to 17 March 1998.) For the latest lampooning of feminism by a psychologist, see http://www.geocities.com/ihatefeminism. In 2001, Professor Kenneth Minogue wrote perceptively of feminazism (New Criterion 19): "My view is, then, that the radical feminist revolution is nothing less than a destruction of our civilization. It has all happened in such a way that people have not yet realized what has happened."

What about the 'Third Way'? President Clinton and Prime Minister Blair and Germany's Herr Schroeder ['Herr Blair'] have all worked on a re-articulation of left-wing ideas so as to drop the less satisfactory bits (socialism, equalization of incomes, nationalization, high taxes, prices & incomes policy etc.). What is the deal here? And does the right have its own corresponding reworking of its values -- its own 'Fourth Way'? (The article was published in Sweden's Financial Times.)

What about conservatism? Brand's review of the Spanish conservative Ortega y Gassett tries to pinpoint what went wrong.

 

SMOKERS' CORNER  Psychologists today are under pressure from their universities to accept money for any 'research' whatsoever. Usually, accepting state moneys skews their research toward 'political correctness' and kindred piety. But see also: 'What psychologists will do for tobacco.'

SPANKERS' CORNER  For the past two decades, social psychologists have despaired of obtaining decent research results explaining anything that happens in the real world. Thus they have taken up hermeneutics, constructivism, deconstructivism, reconstructivism and kindred post-war French-leftist forms of philosophical idealism -- the notion that only ideas really exist. Now, however, two brave American psychologists aim to bring back realism with their exciting claim that political conservatism and allied evils are traceable quite simply to the excesses of bottom-spanking.

FAIRLY NORMAL HETEROSEXUALS' CORNER  This essay reviews the history of sexual endeavour in the twentieth century -- especially including gangbangs in Moscow involving Leonid Brezhnev's daughter and a trapeze artist -- and points the way ahead to sex without limits.
 

The n Factor
"Levels of neuroticism/emotionality seem higher in art students, children of higher 'musicality', creative painters and sculptors, ballet dancers, actors, musicians and designers, operatic sopranos and tenors, novelists and first-rank philosophers; and n correlates with extravagant intensity of romantic experience. ….n promises to be -- next to g -- the second variable in differential psychology of which a fairly full and secure account can be offered." Currently in process of publication by Oxford University Press, Pvt. Ltd.

William McDougall FRS -- article by Brand in PINC, the Internet magazine for the 'Politically Incorrect.' William McDougall, FRS (1871-1938) was the Oxford and Harvard psychologist who stood up for 'nature' while behaviourists were converting psychologists to believe in 'nurture.' PINC is also serializing Brand's 'intellectual memoirs' -- going back to his first sexploits ooops academic breakthroughs in Oxford around the time of the 'Jensen heresy' [1969].

The William McDougall NewsLetter (1997-2000)  --  incorporating The g Factor NewsLetter. McDNL gave news and comment on topics in and around differential psychology as PeeCee mounted in the West, even moving to impose multiculturalism by force of arms in Kosovo.
Regular features:
Political Correctness and Censorship; Race and Racism; Sex, Sexism and Feminazism; IQ Realism; Africa Realism; Environmentalunacy; Educalunacy; Fast Track Learning; Looneyversities; Eugenics Realism; Paedohysteria, Presidential Polygamy; Abusohysteria and False Memory Syndrome; Multiculchalunacy.
Many back issues are still on the Net, but otherwise can be obtained as email attachments from cbrand@cycad.com.
 

You would like to read boring ooops careful position statements by modern hereditarians / race realists who have managed to keep their jobs in academia? In particular, click here if you would like to hear whether the White-Black difference in IQ scoring can be attributed to special factors like White racism or to the special values held by Black people.

FOR SEVEN RECENT PUBLIC BOOK REVIEWS BY BRAND
DEALING WITH INTELLIGENCE, EDUCATION, EUGENICS AND RACE
GO TO http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/cm/member-reviews/-/AGDMFV3NSIUCZ/1/ref=cm_mp_rv/102-0037650-1711374.
Books reviewed:
Boys and Girls Learn Differently!: A Guide for Teachers and Parents by Michael Gurian, et al.
Deafness, Deprivation, and IQ by Jeffery P. Braden
Dysgenics: Genetic Deterioration in Modern Populations by Richard Lynn
Intellectual Talent: Psychometric and Social Issues edited by Camilla Persson Benbow and David Lubinski
Cyril Burt: Fraud or Framed? edited by N. J. MacKintosh
(Review posted at http://jonjayray.tripod.com/burtdef.html)
Color Conscious by Amy Gutmann and Kwame Anthony Appiah
The Educated Child: A Parent's Guide from Preschool Through Eighth Grade by William J. Bennett, et al.

CLICK HERE FOR LATEST NEWS FROM CHRIS BRAND


You want to know who's winning the battle for the soul of psychology these days?
NEW, NEW, NEW!

PSYCHOLOGY HALL OF FAME

 

The list below offers an assessment of which modern experts are best known (on the Internet) in association with psychology. Candidates had to be still alive in 1980 or later. The list includes many people whose primary concerns are with philosophy,  literature, journalism, linguistics, biology, sociology, anthropology, economics, neurology, genetics, psychiatry and criminology.

 

A Google search was made in June 2002 using the authors' most commonly used name(s) in quotes together with the word psychology, e.g. "Noam Chomsky" psychology. Where an author seemed best known by his/her initials rather than Christian name, initials were used, e.g. "R. J. Sternberg" psychology.

 

No-one having less than 50 mentions is included here. This is an elite list and most psychologists will not appear on it. (They can be content that they continue to draw salaries for coping manfully day-by-day with the many feminazies for whom Psychology has long seemed the most attractive university subject – Psychology continues a most popular university subject, and 75% of its students are female and require heavy-duty attention and counselling.)

 

Experts of hereditarian inclinations on the list are shown in DARK TEAL or GREEN according to their apparent degree of commitment. GREEN is specially used for the many who guess that – with regard to psychology and behaviour -- genetic and environmental factors typically work in some kind of interaction but who also believe such interactions can be analysed and are not inextricably mysterious. Nativists who believe in the importance of genetic factors for the human species but do not wish or dare to say much about individual or group differences are shown in LIME GREEN. (Such biologists, sociobiologists and evolutionary psychologists typically wish to deny any possibility of successful eugenic programs because 'genes do not operate on their own, only in interaction with the environment.') More general avoiders who probably accept genetic factors as having some importance in psychology while actually saying little or nothing about them are shown in LIGHT ORANGE. Deniers of the straightforward importance of genetic factors are shown in PINK. (Few experts in and around psychology are frank environmentalists today. Rather, the 'leftist' party line is to stress that genetic factors are only influential in some – usually mysterious – 'interaction' with environmental factors.) One or two possibly hard-core behaviourists remaining are suggested, in RED. PLUM is used for conspicuously non-reductionist positions, apparently doubting any decisive influence of either environmental or genetic factors.

 

To maintain a sense of proportion, the list's 'Division A' begins with a few of the really great names from the distant past. The list also includes some novelists and columnists – though their mentions may be artificially boosted by Internet bookstores and the homepages of magazines which manage to link them more widely than is usually achieved by academic authors.

 

Mentions in later years (most increased by around 50% as the Net expands) are given in square brackets [   ]. Notable improvements are marked in bold red.

 

All suggestions for improvement will be welcomed: Email crispian@chris-brand.co.uk.

 

 

Division A

Plato 66,500[2003: 99,200]  Aristotle 57,100[2003: 86,200]  Kant 38,900[2003: 70,800]  Descartes 34,500[2003: 51,200]  William Shakespeare* 29,100[2003: 21,100]  Sigmund Freud 28,500[2003: 45,500]  William James 25,000[2003: 39,00]  (Charles) Dickens 20,200  Henrik Ibsen 18,500  (Johann Wolfgang von) Goethe 17,700  Carl/CarlGustav Jung [d. 1961] 15,050  (Lev) Vygotsky [d. 1934] 15,100[2003: 25,500]  (Saint) Augustine[excl.'college'] 14,300[2003: 22,000]  Karl Marx 13,200[2001: 19,200  Charles Darwin 12,300[2003: 21,800] (Ivan) Pavlov [d. 1936] 12,100[2003: 17,900] 
     
B. F. Skinner [d. 1990] 10,900[2003: 15,400]  Noam Chomsky 9,840[2003: 17,700]  Jean Piaget [d. 1980]  9,830[2003: 14,300]  Carl Rogers [d. 1987] 6,660[2003: 11,000]  Richard Dawkins 6,160[2003: 10,800]  Michel Foucault [d. 1984] 5,850[2003: 10,400]  Howard Gardner 5,790[2003: 9,530]  Toni Morrison [Black Nobelist, novelist] 5,740[2003: 18,700]  Carl Sagan [d. 1996] 5,440[2003: 11,200]  Dr. Laura [US broadcaster] 5,330[2003: 6,820]  Stephen Jay/SJ/Stephen Gould [d. 2002] 5,000[2003: 9,900]  Jean-Paul Sartre [d. 1981] 4,970[2003: 7,060]  Erik Erikson [d. 1994] 4,410[2003: 6,570]  Karl Popper [d. 1994] 4,310[2003: 7,520]  Herbert/HA/HerbertA Simon [computers, philos., cognitive; d. 2001] 4,250  .9Douglas Adams ['Hitchhiker's Guide'; d. 2001] 3,960  Steven Pinker 3,920[2003: 9,900]  Daniel Goleman ['Emotional IQ'] 3,910  Jacques Derrida 3,900[2003: 5,660]  Timothy Leary [d. 1996] 3,800  Daniel/DC/Dan Dennett 3,740  EO/Edward Wilson 3,725[2003: 5,030]  Rush Limbaugh [US broadcaster] 3,670 John Rawls 3,460  Jacques Lacan [d. 1981] 3,240  John Updike 3,130[2003: 3,540]  Simone de Beauvoir [d. 1986] 3,120  Anna Freud [d. 1982] 3,080  Jane Goodall [chimpanzees] 3,040  Albert Bandura  2,950  Carol Gilligan 2,950  Jerome/JeromeS/JS Bruner 2,932  Alice Miller [child psychoanalyst, esp. abuse] 2,920  RJ/Robert Sternberg 2,900  John/JR Searle [philosopher] 2,850  Richard/RichardPhillips/RP Feynman [revered "scientist, teacher, raconteur and musician"] 2,760  Marvin Minsky 2,750  (Aleksandr) Solzhenytsin 2,740  David Bohm [transpersonal, postmodern, 'quantum metaphysics'; d. 1994] 2,690  Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi 2,660  Richard Rorty 2,590  Gregory Bateson [d. 1980] 2,580  George/GeorgeA/GA Miller [cog,ling] 2,500  Vladimir Nabokov 2,380[2003: 2,520]  AaronT/Aaron/AT Beck 2,338  Rollo May [exstntl psy; d. 1994] 2,290  Sir Roger/R Penrose [math, computers, phil., cnscsnss] 2,290  David Chalmers 2,240  Douglas/DouglasR/DR Hofstadter [cog, comp, phil, lit, hist; Pulitzer winner] 2,238  Oliver Sacks 2,210  Elizabeth/ElizabethF Loftus [forensic, false memory] 2,200  Amos/A Tversky 2,180  Thomas Szasz [anti-psychiatrist] 2,160  Jerry/JA/J Fodor 2,100  RD/Ronald Laing [exstntl psy.anlst; d. 1989] 2,095  Nathaniel Branden [clin., objectivist(AynRand follower)] 2,050  Francis Crick 2,050  Stanley Milgram 2,010  Edward Said [Islamicist] 2,010

 

* "Shakespeare's 'Prospero' laments that 'Caliban' is "A devil, a born devil, on whose nature/ Nurture can never stick; on whom my pains/ Humanely taken, all, all lost, quite lost". Instead, Prospero's attempts to cultivate Caliban have only brought out the worst in Caliban, such as lust for Miranda and discontent at his  inferior position. More significantly, Caliban has learnt to abuse the gift of language which can be seen in his biting reply to Miranda, "You taught me language; and my profit on't/ Is I know how to curse". However, Caliban is not totally incapable of learning at a sensory level of pain. After Prospero's punishment, Caliban knows he must never touch Miranda although he does not understand why." Sia Rouh Phin, 1996, 'The Tempest – Art vs Nature'.

 

 

Division B

John Cage [avant-garde composer, Jungian, Buddhist], 1,980[2003: 2,960]  Viktor Frankl [existential psy; d. 1997] 1,920[2003: 2,860]  Hans/HJ Eysenck [d. 1997] 1,900[2003: 2,680]  Konrad Lorenz [d. 1989] 1,850[2003: 3,540]  L/Leonard Berkowitz 1,830  FA/Friedrich/FriedrichA Hayek [economist; d. 1992] 1,820  Paul Ricoeur [psan, narratives] 1,810[2003: 2,210]  Hilary/H Putnam [philos.mind] 1,808  Lawrence Kohlberg [developmental psychol; d. 1987] 1,800[2003: 2,500]  Charles Murray 1,770[2003: 2,450]  Martin Seligman 1,770  Thomas Sowell [Black economist] 1,770  Sherry Turkle [computer sociologist, ‘cybershrink’] 1,760  Donald Davidson [philos.mind] 1,700  John R. Anderson 1,660  DE/DavidE/David Rumelhart [cog:cnnctnst] 1,654  Edward de Bono 1,650  Saul Bellow [novelist] 1,640  Daniel Kahneman [reasoning] 1,620  Joyce Carol Oates [feminist, novelist, critic, academic] 1,590  Norman Mailer [novelist] 1,570  Camille Paglia 1,570  Jared Diamond [biologist] 1,560  Ian Pitchford [evopsych; editor of Internet magazines e.g. Human Nature Rv] 1,560  Leda Cosmides 1,550  Tom Wolfe [US novelist] 1,550  John Bowlby [child psychoanalyst; d.1990] 1,530  Jurgen Habermas ['reconstructed historical materialism'] 1,510  RobertM Young [evo/psychoanalytic; co-editor Human Nature] 1,470  Julia Kristeva [fmnst, lit.theory, philos, psan, anti-racism] 1,460  Terry/T Winograd [comp, cog] 1,454  DavidG/DG Myers [soc., religion] 1,453  JL/JamesL/Jay McClelland [cog: 'PDP'] 1,446  Allen Newell [AI, cog; d. 1992] 1,400  Seymour Papert 1,400  Francisco/FranciscoJ Varela [brain&Buddhism; d. 2001] 1,400  John Tooby 1,370  Philip/Phil/PG Zimbardo 1,370  James Q. Wilson 1,340  Ian McEwan* [novelist] 1,290  Philip Roth [novelist] 1,290  Jerome Kagan 1,270  D/ Dante Cicchetti [dv,psypathol.,family] 1,262  Arthur/AR/Art Jensen 1,237  William (D) Hamilton [d. 2000] 1,230  Paul/PM Churchland 1,220  Jon Elster [polpsy] 1,220  RoyF/Roy/RF Baumeister [soc:self-control,will] 1,215  Jonathan/.5J Baron [rationality,dcsn-making] 1,200  Ned Block [cogpsy] 1,180  Aaron Sloman [A.I.,cogpsy] 1,175  Hans-Georg Gadamer [hermeneutic, cultural; d. 2002] 1,170  David Horowitz [US columnist] 1,170  JW/JohnW Berry 1,164  Claude Levi-Strauss [soc.anthrop.] 1,150  AlanE/AE Kazdin [clin,child] 1,150  Endel/E Tulving [prc, memory] 1,148  Alasdair MacIntyre [moral philos.] 1,140  Bruno Bettelheim [psychoanalyst; d. 1990]  1,130[2003: 2,150]  William F. Buckley [US columnist] 1,130  Wolfgang Stroebe [social] 1,128  Matt Ridley 1,120[2003: 3,830]  Richard/RichardC/RC Lewontin 1,110  Iris Murdoch [novelist, d. 2001] 1,100[2003: 2,150]  DanielL/Daniel/DL Schacter [neurocognitive] 1,085  Emmanuel Levinas [existentialist; d. 1995] 1,080[2003: 1,840]  Chris/C. Argyris [I/Opsy] 1,077  CGeorge/George Boeree [prslty theory] 1,075  Kenneth/KJ Gergen [cnstrctnst] 1,072  John/JC Marshall,Oxford 1,067[2003: 1,700]  Claude/CE/ClaudeE Shannon [information theory; d. 2001] 1,065  Leon/L Festinger [cog.dissonance; d. 1989] 1,065  Solomon Asch [socpsy – conformity; d. 1996] 1,050  Steven Rose [UK neuroscientist] 1,050[2003: 1,500]  Roger Schank [A.I.] 1,050  Patricia/PS Churchland 1,040  VS/Vilayanur Ramachandran [cogpsy] 1,040  Antonio Damasio [neuroscnc] 1,040[2003: 2,980]  Robert/R Rosenthal 1,040  CharlesT Tart [para-, transpersonal psy] 1,040  MI/Michael/MichaelI Posner [neuropsychiat] 1,025  GH/Gordon Bower 1,018  Simon/S Baron-Cohen 1,015  Joseph/JosephE/JE Ledoux 1,010  E/Eleanor Rosch [cog&'heart'psy] 1,010  Ulric/U Neisser 1,000

 

* "Writing novels is a form of investigation into the human condition . Novels have this extraordinary capacity, better than any other art form, to go into other minds." --- Ian McEwan, 'Front Row', September 2001.

 

 

Division C

Luce Irigaray [fmnst, psan, decnstrctn] 995[2003: 1,670]  VS/Vilayanur Ramachandran [neuroscience] 990  Bernard Williams [philos: ethics] 986  Matthew Parris (Times columnist) 978  Michael/M Ruse [evophilosopher] 976  Michael/ML Rutter 967  Germaine/G Greer 963  Ashley Montagu [social anthropologist/environmentalist; d. 1999] 960[2003: 1,360]  PB/PaulB Baltes [lifespan dv] 950  Julian Jaynes [evopsych, d. 1990] 938  Richard/RL/RichardL Gregory [perception] 936  KWarner/KW Schaie [ageing] 936  Robert Cialdini [person.&soc.psy] 929  StephenJ/Stephen/SJ Ceci 925  David/DM Buss 923  Robert/RobertE/RE Ornstein [neuropsychiatry] 921  WV/WillardVanOrman/Willard Quine [philos: Platonic realist; d. 2000]  913  CG/CGeorge Boeree [prs] 910  Nicholas Negroponte [cmptr-aided design, media tech] 910  Jean Shinoda Bolen [Jungian, women] 897  Roger Schank [A.I. person] 889  J. G. Ballard [novelist] 885  Roger/RogerW/RW Sperry [Nobelist, hemisphere spclztn] 883  Walter/W Kintsch [cog,ling] 882  Michael W/Michael/MW Eysenck 873  Judith/J Rodin [health] 873  DL/DouglasL/Douglas Medin 860  Lynn/L Nadel [neurocog] 864  Carol Tavris [critical theory, anger, gender] 858  Robert Plomin 855[2003: 1,100]  Helen Fielding [creator of literate-chick 'Bridget Jones'] 851  Philippe/JP/Phil Rushton 850  Alan Kay [cmptrs, visionary] 846  Edward/Ed/EF Zigler 845  JohnMaynard/JMaynard Smith 845  Michael/M Argyle 840  RichardC/RC Atkinson [cog] 830  Adrian/A Furnham 830  Jeanne Brooks-Gunn [dev. psych.] 825  Andrea Dworkin 825[2003: 1,260]  Bill Bryson ["funniest traveller alive" -- Times] 821  Geoffrey/GeoffreyF/GF Miller [evopsy] 820  Germaine/G Greer 818  ST/SusanT/Susan Fiske [stereotyping] 806  Eduardo/E Salas [I/O: ergonomics] 804  Vicki/.4V Bruce 794  CR/Rick Snyder [clin.] 784  Stephen/StephenM/SM Kosslyn 780   Steve/S Duck [social] 770  MichaelA/MA/Michael Arbib [neurosci] 766  Natalie Zemon Davis [historian, writer] 763  Richard/R Herrnstein [d. 1994] 763  Miles Hewstone [inter-group rlns] 755  Herbert/H Gintis [econ/evopsych] 752  S/Silvan/SilvanS Tomkins ['culture & clinic'] 746  Christina Hoff Sommers [anti-feminazist] 743  Martin Amis [novelist] 741  Gerald/G Edelman [neuropsy] 740  Frank Jackson [phil, cog] 724  Judith/JudithS/JS Wallerstein [family, divorce] 724  Nicholas/NK/Nick Humphrey 720  BenjaminB/BB [txtbk7th.ed,child,clin,env] 715   Richard/.5R Lynn 710  Hans Moravec [robots] 710  Frank/FrankJ Sulloway [behav.scientist,historian] 710  Kenneth Gergen 709[2003: 970]  Martin Daly [evopsych] 700[2003: 963]  Susan/SusanA/SA Greenfield [neuroscnc] 690  Max/M Coltheart 685  LarryR/LR/Larry Squire [memory] 685  Susan Faludi [anti-feminist] 678  M/Manfred Amelang [prs] 675  JeanBethke/Jean Elshtain [soc.&pol.ethics] 675  RM Lerner [dv, lifespan] 673  Anthony Storr [psychiatrist] 669  AS Byatt [novelist & critic] 665  Ray/R Bull [forensic] 663  Sandra/S Blakeslee [neuro] 662  Mary Midgley [philosopher] 659[2003: 902]  GW/GlynW/Glyn Humphreys [neurocog] 650  AlanS/AS Kaufman [IQ] 649  Walter/W Mischel [personality] 643  Peter/P Carruthers [philos.of psy] 648  Margo Wilson [evopsych] 643  Ernest/E Gellner [soc.anth, psan; d. 1995] 640  P. N./Philip Johnson-Laird 640  Serge/S Moscovici [soc.representation] 635  Alan/AS Baddeley 633  Richard/R Wiseman [parapsychol] 630  Robert/R Boyd,evolution [anthrop (vs evo)] 628  Christopher/C Jencks [liberal-left sociologist] 624  Paul de Man [exstntlst, decnstrctnst] 624  Daryl/DarylJ/DJ Bem [soc.,persnlty, gender] 622  Sandra Blakeslee [neuropsy, stress] 621  Alison/A Gopnik [ling., dv, cog] 620  Saul/SaulA Kripke [philos: modal logic] 620  Eleanor/EleanorE/EE Maccoby 615  Warren Farrell [gender issues] 613  Walter/W Mischel [situationist] 613  (Baroness) Susan Greenfield [neurophysiol] 612  Paul Theroux [novelist] 611  Zenon/ZenonW/ZW Pylyshyn [cog, comp] 606  Linda Chavez [US columnist] 602  Robert/RobertH Bork [jurist, philos.] 600  Paul/PaulR/PR Gross [biologist/sociologist{?}, anti-constructivist] 600  Kevin/KB/KevinB MacDonald [evopsy, Judaism] 600  Henry/H Gleitman [cog, top textbk] 600  Peter/P Fonagy [psychoanalysis] 596  Uta/U Frith 588  K.J./Keith/KeithJ Holyoak [cogpsy] 588  Diana/D Deutsch [music] 582  JohnB/JB Carroll [educ., IQ] 580  JA/JohnA/John Bargh [soc., nonconscious procs] 573  Jean-Francois Lyotard 574  Mary Ainsworth [dv:attachment; d. 1999] 573  MarilynnB/Marilynn/MB Brewer [soc:cgntn,identity,biases] 567  Philip/P Pettit [politics] 562  DT/Daniel/Daniel T Gilbert [soc] 559  David Lodge [novelist] 558  Rom/R Harre [social psychologist]  556  Chris/Christopher/CR Brand 550  Richard/Jrichard/JR Hackman [applied] 550  Ben Elton [comic writer] 548  DonelsonR/DR/Donelson Forsyth [soc: gp dynamics] 546  Paul/P Rozin [cultural, psychoanalytic] 545  Randy/R Thornhill [evopsy] 545  David Lodge [comic novelist] 544  Hayden White [narratives] 539  Nicky Hayes [soc., rprsntn, gnrl] 538  Michael Morris [cmmnty,pltcl] 537  Daniel/D Schacter 534  E/Elizabeth Bates [dv. lang] 533  RL/RitaL/ Atkinson [daughter of RC Atkinson] 530  MR/MarkR/Mark Rosenzweig [memory] 530  Michael/M/Mick Billig [deconstructibabbler] 525  Sue/ES Savage-Rumbaugh [cmprtv primate cgntn] 525 WilliamK/WK/William Estes [cog models] 525  Richard Sennett [sociol., narratives] 523  Nancy Eisenberg [Arizona, empathy] 522  S/Steven Harnad 520  MA/MartinA/Martin Conway [memory] 518  DavidP/David Barash [evopsy] 517  Roger Scruton 515[2003: 1,010]  John Shotter [constrctnst] 512[2003: 679]  J/Jack Block [personality] 510  Mario Vargas-Llosa [novelist] 510  Lionel/L Tiger [anthrop, anti-racist: "Race seems real, but it isn't."] 509  A/Andrew Whiten [evopsych] 507  MH/M Bornstein [dv, family] 504  John/JohnM/JM Darley social] 504  Susan Carey [dv., cog., phil.] 502  Robin/.5R Dunbar [evopsy] 500  Timothy/TA/TimothyA Salthouse [ageing] 500